Their rich oral histories describe migrations of each ancient clans' ancestors into the area between Yushan and the Chianan Plain.

[2] The earliest written record of the Tsou dates from the Dutch occupation, which describes the multi-clan settlement Tfuya as having approximately 300 people in 1647.

Ethnologists have attempted to reconstruct the development of Tfuya, proposing that each stage of clan migration could be equivalent to three or four generations of family.

Warriors, chiefs and marshals can add a red decorative band with pearls, jade, and seashells to the front of their hats.

The red color symbolizes courage and strength in Tsou culture, emphasizing the dignity of leaders and warriors.