Tsuruyo Kondo (近藤鶴代) (November 16, 1901 – August 9, 1970) was a Japanese politician.

After World War II, Kondo's brother, a politician affiliated with the Japan Progressive Party named Kotani Setsuo, was purged in 1946.

She returned to politics when she was elected to the House of Councillors in 1956, representing Okayama prefecture.

[4] Kondo aligned herself with Banboku Ōno's faction within the Liberal Democratic Party.

After she was re-elected in 1962, Kondo was offered a position in Hayato Ikeda's cabinet as the chairwoman of the Japanese Atomic Energy Commission and the director of the Japanese Science and Technology Agency [ja].