Turkish Cypriot nationalism

[1][2] In 1911, 3 rallies against enosis (unification of Cyprus and Greece) were made by Turkish Cypriots all around the island.

[3] The 1920s was to prove a critical decade in terms of stricter ethno-religious compartments; hence, Turkish Cypriots who remained on the island gradually embraced the ideology of Turkish nationalism due to the impact of the Kemalist Revolution.

[8] However, they were alarmed by the Greek Cypriot calls for enosis, as they saw that the union of Crete with Greece had led to the exodus of Cretan Turks, which was a precedent to be avoided,[9][10] and they took a pro-partition stance in response to the militant activity of the EOKA.

On 8 August 1964, after waiting for nearly two days, Turkey intervened, once it had become clear that the Greek Cypriots would not withdraw from Kokkina, but simply commit more and more siege forces until the Turkish Cypriots ran out of supplies.

The second Turkish offensive, codenamed "Attila 2", took place between 14 and 18 August 1974 and extended as far west as the Kokkina enclave.

Statue of Turkish pilot, Cengiz Topel in Eskişehir , Turkey. Topel was one of the pilots sent by Turkey to bomb Greek positions in Kokkina in August 1964. He was captured and tortured to death there. Topel is an important symbol of Turkish nationalism in Cyprus, and he is known as the "first martyr of Cyprus" in Turkey and Northern Cyprus.