Formal dedication of the original high school, located on Shoshone Street next to the Twin Falls County Courthouse, occurred in February 1912.

The current Twin Falls High School on Filer Avenue opened in September 1954.

Until 2009, TFHS was among the largest high schools in the state, classified as 5A (enrollment over 1,280 students) by the IHSAA.

It is currently a member of the Great Basin (West) Conference, competing against Canyon Ridge, Burley, Jerome, Minico, and Wood River, all located in south central Idaho's Magic Valley.

Twin Falls High School draws its students from the eastern half of the city.