Two-center bipolar coordinates

In mathematics, two-center bipolar coordinates is a coordinate system based on two coordinates which give distances from two fixed centers

[1] This system is very useful in some scientific applications (e.g. calculating the electric field of a dipole on a plane).

, the transformation to Cartesian coordinates

from two-center bipolar coordinates

is the distance between the poles (coordinate system centers).

Polar plotters use two-center bipolar coordinates to describe the drawing paths required to draw a target image.

This geometry-related article is a stub.