"One O'Clock Jump" is a jazz standard; a 12-bar blues instrumental, written by Count Basie in 1937.

The original 1937 recording of the tune by Basie and his band is noted for the saxophone work of Herschel Evans and Lester Young, trumpet by Buck Clayton, Walter Page on bass, and Basie himself on piano.

The song was called One O'Clock Jump because the band practiced usually late at 1 AM.

Basie recorded "One O'Clock Jump" several times after the original performance for Decca in June 1937. Notable live radio transcriptions of the song also exist, such as Basie's November 3, 1937 performance of the song at the Meadowbrook (Cedar Grove NJ).

"One O'Clock Jump" became the theme song of the Count Basie Orchestra.