At the time, tropical storms that formed within this region of the western Pacific were named and identified by the Fleet Weather Center in Guam.

However, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), which was established five years later, identified four additional tropical cyclones during the season not tracked by the Fleet Weather Center; these analyzed systems did not receive names.

In its initial stages, the disturbance steadily intensified as it moved in a northeasterly direction, attaining tropical storm strength by 1800 UTC the next day.

[1] Subsequently, Georgia attained its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 220 km/h (140 mph), equivalent to a modern-day Category 4 hurricane.

[1] As a weakening tropical cyclone, Georgia threatened Wake Island and Eniwetok Atoll; the latter of which was expected to be the site of American nuclear testing operations.

[4] Though both islands were warned of by the Guam Fleet Weather Center, however, the typhoon had weakened considerably before reaching them, and effects remained marginal.

[7] This weakening trend continued, and the Guam Fleet Warning Center ceased the issuance of bulletins at 1200 UTC on April 20, by which time Hope was deemed too weak to be classified as a tropical cyclone.

However, the China Meteorological Agency (CMA), in analysis of the system, determined that Hope had persisted up until late on April 23 before dissipating.

[11] At roughly the same time, a vessel in the vicinity of the storm reported winds in excess of 65 km/h (40 mph), prompting the Guam Fleet Weather Center to initiate reconnaissance flights into the cyclone.

[14] A stationary trough of low pressure persisted near Nauru towards the end of April and into early May, producing heavy rains; a station on the island received 8.16 in (207 mm) in a 24-hour period from the system.

An interaction between the trough and a passing tropical wave resulted in the formation of an organized disturbance on May 2 that tracked initially northwestward before taking a more westerly course.

[15] After some fluctuations in its strength in its nascent stages, Joan curved towards the northeast and strengthened into a typhoon on May 8, peaking that day with winds of 140 km/h (87 mph) and a minimum pressure of 980 mbar (980 hPa; 29 inHg).

Aircraft traversing between Guam and the Philippines eventually confirmed the presence of a developing tropical depression by June 25, tracking towards the west.

The storm continued to accelerate towards the northeast, passing just east of the Ryukyu Islands on June 30 before reaching peak intensity offshore Kyushu with maximum sustained winds of 185 km/h (115 mph) and a central pressure estimated at 975 mbar (975 hPa; 28.8 inHg).

[16] The typhoon curved eastward and continued to weaken, tracking through Sagami Bay and emerging over the Pacific Ocean on July 2 as a tropical storm.

[7] The CMA analyzed the system promptly developing as a strong tropical storm early on July 25;[19] however, the JTWC would not begin issuing bulletins on Louise until reconnaissance aircraft confirmed the presence of an already stout typhoon the following day with winds of 145 km/h (90 mph).

On August 13, the storm began taking a more northwesterly path as it continued to intensify, reaching its peak intensity two days with maximum winds estimated at 185 km/h (115 mph) and a remarkably low pressure of 886 mbar (886 hPa; 26.2 inHg).

Fluctuating in strength over the following days, Marge passed over the Amami Islands on August 18 before a more steadily weakening trend took hold as the typhoon moved into the East China Sea.

[27] Marge was the largest tropical cyclone ever observed to date, with a wind circulation extending 1,160 km (720 mi) in diameter; this record stood until it was eclipsed by Typhoon Tip in 1979.

[29] Publishing his findings in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society in 1952, his work would be instrumental in the understanding of tropical cyclone structure.

Offshore, twelve fishing boats capsized in the rough surf, and storm surge killed four in the Kyushu village of Yoshikawa.

[36] In South Korea, the Busan area was particularly hard hit, with coastal flooding displacing 550 people from their destroyed wooden homes.

[46] Winds reaching 150 km/h (93 mph) and waves 13.5 m (44 ft) high struck Sasebo, Nagasaki, sinking ships and damaging others in the harbor; among them were warships deployed for the Korean War.

[7][53] Afterwards, Amy was able to intensify to reach its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 220 km/h (140 mph) and a minimum barometric pressure of 950 mbar (950 hPa; 28 inHg) on December 8.

Over the ensuing two days, Amy moved over several islands in the central Philippines before emerging in the South China Sea on December 11 as the equivalent of a minimal typhoon.

Shortly after, the tropical cyclone executed a tight anticyclonic loop while oscillating in strength several times before eventually weakening and dissipating on December 17,[7][53] just east of Vietnam.

[60] Along the east coast of Leyte, where Amy initially struck, ninety percent of homes were destroyed,[61] and a large swath of coconut plantations were wiped out.

[63] Overall, Amy caused $30 million in damage,[64][65] and at least 556 fatalities,[66] though the final death toll may have been as high as 991, making the typhoon one of the deadliest in modern Philippine history.

The following table lists all of the tropical cyclones that formed during the 1951 Pacific typhoon season, including their names, duration, intensities, damages, and death totals.