The contract to build her was awarded to the Electric Boat Division of General Dynamics Corporation in Groton, Connecticut on 14 August 2003.

[7] Mississippi was christened on 3 December 2011 at General Dynamics Electric Boat in Groton, Connecticut.

Allison Stiller, Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Navy, is the ship's sponsor.

[8][9][10][11] SSN-782 was delivered 12 months ahead of schedule and $60 million below planned cost.

[12] On 25 November 2014, Mississippi arrived at Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, where the ship is permanently assigned to Submarine Squadron 1 of the United States Pacific Fleet.