In April 2010, it was announced the club would be relegated from the Top 14 to the Pro D2 at the end of the 2009/2010 season after breaking budget rules for the league.

[2] On 24 May 2014, it was announced that they had won promotion back to Pro D2 for the 2014–15 season as a result of winning the Fédérale 1 semi-final 35 – 12 against Lille Métropole Rugby.

The team continued in surprisingly strong form for a newly promoted team, notably handing early runaway league leaders Stade Français their first defeat of the season, 15–9, in Round 10 on 6 October.

Montauban ended the season in seventh place, a respectable position for a newly promoted team.

The Montauban squad for the 2023–24 season is:[5][6] Note: Flags indicate national union under World Rugby eligibility rules.