Umm Kulthum bint Ali

By one Sunni account, Ali finally agreed to the marriage when Umar enlisted the support of prominent Muslims for his proposal.

Umm Kulthum survived the Battle of Karbala in 680, where her brother Husayn and most of her male relatives were massacred by the forces of the Umayyad caliph Yazid ibn Mua'awiya (r. 680–683).

A public speech ascribed to Umm Kulthum in Kufa condemns Yazid, defends Husayn, and chastises the Kufans for their role in his death.

Ali too was reluctant but eventually gave in, according to Ibn Sa'd, when Umar enlisted the support of prominent Muslims for his proposal.

[23] Hasan kept aloof from politics after his abdication in compliance with the peace treaty,[24][25][26] but was poisoned and killed in 669, most likely at the instigation of Mu'awiya,[23][22][27] who thus paved the way for the succession of his son Yazid (r. 680–683).

[33] Yazid is often remembered by Muslim historians as a debaucher who openly violated the Islamic norms,[28][34][35] and his nomination was met with resistance from the sons of Muhammad's prominent companions, including Husayn ibn Ali.

[38] On their way to Kufa, Husayn's small caravan was intercepted by Yazid's army and forced to camp in the desert land of Karbala on 2 October 680 away from water and fortifications.

[30] Having been surrounded for some days and deprived of the drinking water of the nearby Euphrates river,[28][34][39] Husayn was later killed on 10 October 680, alongside most of his male relatives and his small retinue, in the Battle of Karbala against the army of the Umayyad caliph Yazid ibn Mu'awiya (r. 680–683).

Umm Kulthum (or Zaynab) then addressed the crowd and chastised them for their role in Husayn's death and recounted the events of Karbala.