[5][6] Yadav lost an election in 2022, being defeated by Janamat Party chair CK Raut in Saptari 2 with a margin of 18,000 votes.

[11][14] He was again arrested on 16 January 2007 in Kathmandu along with MP Amaresh Kumar Singh and a dozen others after they burned copies of the Interim Constitution of Nepal, 2007 after it did not address the issue of federalism and greater political representation from the Terai in the parliament and the constituent assembly.

[15][16] Following mass protests and indefinite strikes in the Terai region organized by his party, the government agreed to amend the interim constitution and on 12 April 2007, Nepal turned into a federal republic.

[22] He served as the Deputy Prime Minister in a coalition government with the Nepal Communist Party from June 2018 to December 2019.

[24] Yadav contested the 2022 elections to the House of Representatives from Saptari 2 again but lost to Janamat Party chairman Chandra Kant Raut by a margin of over 18,000 votes.

A month after the incident, he was leading the protests in support of turning Nepal into a secular federal republic.

Yadav was supposed to address a mass meeting of MJFN supporters in Gaur, Rautahat, the Madhesh Mukti Morcha of CPN (Maoist) were also holding their rally at the same venue.

[26][27][28] Once a major activist for Madheshi people, Yadav has been criticized for forgetting Madhesh-centric issues as he became more active in national politics.

His son, Amarendra Yadav, contested the 2022 local elections for the deputy mayor of Biratnagar but lost.