Contained in the wilderness is Hawksbill Crag (also called Whitaker Point), a very popular hiking destination.

[1] This infrequently visited wilderness is composed of second and third growth oak-hickory forest with intermittent portions of shortleaf pine.

There is only one official trail in the Upper Buffalo Wilderness, leading visitors to Hawksbill Crag.

Black bears are known to inhabit the wilderness, along with White-tailed deer, wild turkey, skunks, opossums, minks and pheasants.

Although camping and fishing are usually allowed with a proper permit, no roads or buildings are constructed and there is also no logging or mining, in compliance with the 1964 Wilderness Act.