This assessment helps to detect any impairment of the nervous system, being used both as a screening and an investigative tool.

The examination findings when combined with a detailed history of a patient, can help a doctor reach a specific or differential diagnosis.

This would enable the doctor to commence treatment if a specific diagnosis has been made, or order further investigations if there are differential diagnoses.

The examination is performed in sequence:[1] The upper body is exposed and a general observation is made from the end of the bed.

Signs of neurological disease include:[2] The hand is grasped like a handshake and the arm is moved in various directions to determine the tone.