Uruzgan (Pashto: ارزګان; Dari: ارزگان), also spelled as Urozgan or Oruzgan, is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan.

Uruzgan province is located in southern Afghanistan, bordering Zabul and Kandahar to the south, Helmand to the southwest, Daykundi to the north, and Ghazni to the east.

[citation needed] During the 1980's Soviet war in Afghanistan, Uruzgan witnessed fighting between pro-Soviet forces and the Mujahideen.

[citation needed] In June 2002, a wedding party in Uruzgan was bombed by the U.S. Air Force, which resulted in the death of 30 civilians.

Because of security concerns and the Taliban insurgency, only one international aid agency (GIZ) has a permanent presence in Uruzgan.

Uruzgan's opium poppy crop reached record levels in 2006 and 2007, according to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), as no significant eradication efforts were carried out by the Afghan administration or Dutch forces.

Between 15 and 19 June 2007, Dutch, American, Australian and Afghan soldiers defended the town of Chora against an assault by Taliban combatants.

[10][11] In February 2010, near Khod, over ten civilians in a three-vehicle convoy were killed by a combined force of a Lockheed AC-130, Bell OH-58 Kiowa helicopters and General Atomics MQ-1 Predator drones, who misidentified them as Taliban.

[12][13] As of May 2014, the province was served by Tarinkot Airport which had regularly scheduled direct passenger service to Kabul.