The Valley of the Pharaohs is a role-playing game in which players take on the roles of members of Egyptian society in the New Kingdom in 1450 BCE during the Eighteenth Dynasty.

To create a character, a player first randomly determines its caste, which will be either Nobility, Clergy, Bureaucrat or Commoner, and then its occupation — Soldier, Priest, Scholar, Merchant, or Thief.

Palladium released it in 1983 as a boxed set containing a 50-page rulebook, a color map of Ancient Egypt, and thirteen loose sheets of illustrations and diagrams.

In Issue 45 of Different Worlds (March–April 1987), Jonathan Tweet found the brief rules "leave too much up the gamemaster, even to the point of providing few viable ideas for adventures or an engaging campaign."

However, Swan felt the game's worst fault was its failure to exploit the setting of Ancient Egypt, writing, "There's not a clue as to how it should be organized into a cohesive adventure.