Located in the southern part of the county, it borders the following townships: The village of Jenera is located in northern Van Buren Township.

Statewide, other Van Buren Townships are located in Darke, Putnam, and Shelby counties.

It was named for Martin Van Buren, who had at that time served as Secretary of State, and who would go on to become President of the United States.

[4] The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1.

There is also an elected township fiscal officer,[5] who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election.