Vanceburg is a home rule-class city in Lewis County, Kentucky, United States, along the Ohio River.

Vanceburg is located in northern Lewis County on the south bank of the Ohio River.

Kentucky Route 9/10, the AA Highway, runs through the southern part of the city, leading west 16 miles (26 km) to Tollesboro.

To the east KY 10 and the Greenup spur of the AA Highway lead east 29 miles (47 km) to the Ohio River at the Jesse Stuart Memorial Bridge near Lloyd, while KY 9 and the Grayson spur of the AA Highway lead southeast 30 miles (48 km) to Interstate 64 at Grayson.

[7] The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters.

Joseph Baird and William Vance received land rights and divided the area into parcels for sale.

While Baird was the header of the project, the two agreed that a coin toss would settle who the town would be named after.

However, the two soon decided that “Bairdstown” too closely resembled the already established city of Bardstown, Kentucky.

Vanceburg was once a thriving production city, with a small train station and a bustling downtown area.

The section of bank on which the homes and businesses once sat slid into the raging stream.

In 2010, Vanceburg had the 23rd-lowest median household income of all places in the United States with a population over 1,000.