Vasa nervorum are small arteries that provide blood supply to peripheral nerves, specifically to the interior parts of nerves,[1] and their coverings.
[2] A decrease in blood flow through the vasa nervorum has been implicated in the development of diabetic neuropathy.
Arteritis of the vasa nervorum leads to mononeuritis multiplex or polyneuropathy.
[3][4] and has been implicated as the cause in a few cases of facial nerve paralysis.
[3] During invasive diagnostic or therapeutic procedures, injecting a vasoconstrictor close to a nerve can reduce perfusion to its supplying vessel, risking ischemic nerve injury.