The Vauban was one of two EuroCity train-pairs running daily between Brussels and Basel, Switzerland; the other was the EC Iris.

[1][2] The Vauban began operating on 29 May 1988, and was classified from the start as a EuroCity (EC) service.

[1] It originally carried through coaches to Milano, running via Lugano and Chiasso southbound and via Brig northbound, but was not classified as an EC south of Basel.

The section between Brig and Milano later began to operate for only part of the year, and in autumn 2004 it was discontinued entirely, making the EC Vauban's route Brussels – Basel – Bern – Brig.

[4] In December 2007, the Vauban was classified as an InterRegio (IR) on the portion of its route within Switzerland, because it did not meet all the criteria for a EuroCity, but it retained EuroCity status between Brussels and Basel.