Vavilov center

Cultivated plants of eight world centers of origin [6][7]2) Peruvian, Ecuadorean, Bolivian Center: 2A) Chiloé Center (Archipelago near the coast of southern Chile) 2B) Brazilian-Paraguayan Center 7) Indo-Burma: Main Center (India): Includes Assam, Bangladesh and Burma, but not Northwest India, Punjab, nor Northwest Frontier Provinces, 117 plants 7A) Siam-Malaya-Java: statt Indo-Malayan Center: Includes Indo-China and the Malay Archipelago, 55 plants [9] 1) eastern North America Chenopodium berlandieri, Iva annua, and Helianthus annuus 4,500–4,000 years 2) Mesoamerica Cucurbita pepo 10,000 Zea mays 9,000–7,000 2a) northern lowland neotropics Cucurbita moschata, Ipomoea batatas, Phaseolus vulgaris, tree crops 9,000–8,000 3) central mid-altitude Andes Chenopodium quinoa, Amaranthus caudatus 5,000 3a) north and central Andes, mid-altitude and high altitude areas Solanum tuberosum, Oxalis tuberosa, Chenopodium pallidicaule 8,000 3b) lowland southern Amazonia Manihot esculenta and Arachis hypogaea 8,000 3c) Ecuador (part of 3, 3a, and/or 3b?)

and northwest Peru Phaseolus lunatus, Canavalia plagiosperma, and Cucurbita ecuadorensis 10,000 4) western sub-Saharan African Pennisetum glaucum 4,500 4a) west African savanna and woodlands Vigna unguiculata 3,700 Digitaria exilis and Oryza glaberrima <3,000 4b) west African rainforests Dioscorea rotundata and Elaeis guineensis poorly documented 5) east Sudanic Africa Sorghum bicolor >4,000?

east African lowlands vegeculture of Dioscorea cayennensis and Ensete ventricosum poorly documented 7) Near East Hordeum vulgare, Triticum spp., Lens culinaris, Pisum sativum, Cicer arietinum, Vicia faba 13,000–10,000 7a) eastern Fertile Crescent additional Hordeum vulgare goats 9,000 8a) Gujarat, India Panicum sumatrense and Vigna mungo 5,000?

indica 8,500–4,500 8d) southern India Brachiaria ramosa, Vigna radiata, and Macrotyloma uniflorum 5,000–4,000 9) eastern Himalayas and Yunnan uplands Fagopyrum esculentum 5,000?

11) southern Hokkaido, Japan Echinochloa crusgalli 4,500 12) Yangtze River Valley, China Oryza sativa subsp.

Vavilov's 1924 scheme suggested that plants were domesticated in China, Hindustan, Central Asia, Asia Minor, Mediterranean, Abyssinia, Central and South America
Approximate centers of origin of agriculture in the Neolithic Revolution and its spread in prehistory as understood in 2003: the Fertile Crescent (11,000 BP), the Yangtze and Yellow River basins (9,000 BP) and the New Guinea Highlands (9,000–6,000 BP), Central Mexico (5,000–4,000 BP), Northern South America (5,000–4,000 BP), sub-Saharan Africa (5,000–4,000 BP, exact location unknown), eastern North America (4,000–3,000 BP). [ 2 ]