Very short-lived substances

There has not been much research in this area, although this is changing as more scientists study this substance to predict its long-term impact on ozone levels.

[5] Despite their short lifespan, VSLS have been shown to contribute significantly towards the depletion of the ozone layer, particularly in the lower stratosphere above mid-latitude areas.

[6] One study has shown that every five additional parts per trillion by volume (pptv) of VSLS in the atmosphere reducesthe global ozone column by about 1.3%.

[7] Long-term calculations of VSLS injection into the stratosphere reveal a robust correlation between sea surface temperature, convective activity and the number of short-lived source gases in the tropical tropopause layer (TTL), which becomes especially clear during the perturbations induced by El Niño seasons.

[8] The potential significant increases in the atmospheric abundance of short-lived halogen substances, through changing natural processes or continued anthropogenic emissions could be important for future climate.

A steady decline of about four percent in the total amount of ozone in Earth's stratosphere (the ozone layer), and a much larger springtime decrease in stratospheric ozone around Earth's polar regions.
Schematic of vertical transport in the TTL. Beside the slow large-scale transport driven by diabatic heating rates or there is a fast localized convective mass flux wc. The amount of air leaving the convective cloud is given by the convective detrainment rate dc.