In 1962 Glushkov established the famous Institute of Cybernetics of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine and became its first director.

He and his followers (Kapitonova, Letichevskiy and others) successfully applied that theory to enhance construction of computers.

For that work, he was awarded the Lenin Prize in 1964 and elected as a Member of the Academy of Science of USSR.

He greatly influenced many other fields of theoretical computer science (including the theory of programming and artificial intelligence) as well as its applications in the USSR.

One of his great practical goals was the creation of the National Automated System for Computation and Information Processing (OGAS), consisting of a computer network to manage the allocation of resources and information among organizations in the national economy, which would represent a higher form of socialist planning than the extant centrally planned economy.