[3] After the Second World War, there was demand for a more centralised and bigger hospital to be built in the town to be able to deal with the strains caused by a burgeoning population.

[6] A major new wing to the south of the current tower block was procured under a Private Finance Initiative contract in 2009.

[12] Nicola Sturgeon's last day as First Minister on 24 March 2023 was spent at Victoria Hospital where she opened a new national treatment facility for orthopaedic surgery accompanied by the Fife NHS CEO Carol Potter.

In 2012 a new wing opened, which includes a new accident and emergency department; maternity unit and eleven new operating theatres.

[1] The hospital provides many facilities for the catchment area including an accident and emergency department, ear, nose and throat (ENT) unit, anaesthesia, obstetrics and gynaecology, paediatric surgery, mental health services, infectious diseases and operating theatres.

[20] The hospital was criticised after an unannounced Healthcare Environment Inspectorate visit in December 2014 which slammed the "serious nature" of its problems with cleanliness.

The theatres were the second most efficient in Scotland, with fewer early finishes, late starts and less turnover time between patients.

There are main bus routes that serve the catchment area for the hospital particularly from Glenrothes, Leven and from the railway station.