First recorded in 1223 in Osnabrück, their name derives from the zoonym finch (Middle High German vinke).
They acquired estates in the present communities of Melle (Gut Ostenwalde) and Rödinghausen (Haus Kilver) in the 14th century, and in the 18th to 19th centuries further possessions in Rödinghausen and other parts of Westphalia, as well in Silesia (Kilver line).
Ludwig von Vincke, of the Ostenwalde line (1774–1844), served as president of the Prussian Province of Westphalia.
Gut Ostenwalde with the nearby Diedrichsburg is yet a property of the Vincke family, whereas Haus Kilver had to be sold in the 1820s for economic reasons.
After World War II Gut Ostenwalde was confiscated by the British Army as residence for the commanders of the British occupation zone in Germany, Field Marshall Bernard Montgomery and his successors Marshall Sholto Douglas and General Brian Robertson.