The administrative centre of the county was Vinnitsa (modern-day Vinnytsia).

The county composed most of Vinnytsia Raion of contemporary Ukraine.

The subcounties (volosts) of the Vinnitsa uezd in 1912 were as follows:[1] At the time of the Russian Empire Census on 28 January [O.S.

15 January] 1897, the Vinnitsa uezd had a population of 248,314, including 127,006 men and 121,308 women.

The majority of the population indicated Little Russian[b] to be their mother tongue, with significant Jewish, Great Russian and Polish speaking minorities.