The state highway runs 9.43 miles (15.18 km) from SR 256 at Weyers Cave north to U.S. Route 33 (US 33) near Penn Laird.

SR 276 begins at an intersection with SR 256 (Weyers Cave Road) in the village of Weyers Cave.

The highway heads northeast as two-lane undivided Keezletown Road, which also continues south from SR 256 as SR 750.

Just north of the village of Cross Keys, the state highway intersects SR 253 (Port Republic Road).

SR 276 reaches its northern terminus at US 33 (Spotswood Trail) just west of the village of Penn Laird and south of Keezletown at the southern end of Massanutten Mountain.