Efira next had a supporting role as a social worker in the comedy drama My Worst Nightmare (2011) directed by Anne Fontaine, opposite Isabelle Huppert, Benoît Poelvoorde and André Dussollier.

Variety wrote that she "has a particular talent for transmitting thoughts and eliciting laughs using facial expressions alone, a gift that gets another glorious workout here".

[5] In 2016, Efira starred in the romantic comedy-drama In Bed with Victoria, about a single mother and criminal lawyer who goes through a midlife crisis.

[6] That same year, Efira had a small but crucial role opposite Isabelle Huppert in Paul Verhoeven's psychological thriller Elle.

Screen International felt that the actress "previously known for lighter material (In Bed With Victoria), shows herself more than capable of a heavyweight dramatic role, subtly maturing from romantic 20s to careworn middle age" and also added that "she offers a powerful, assured performance in a film that's likely to score highly both as a superior and very accessible melodrama and as an intelligent conversation piece".

That same year, Efira was part of the ensemble cast in the comedy Sink or Swim directed by Gilles Lellouche, which was screened out of competition at the 2018 Cannes Film Festival, and earned her a Cesar Award nomination, for Best Supporting Actress.

Also in 2018, her performance in the drama Keep Going was praised, with The Hollywood Reporter writing that she "is excellent here as a woman caught between her fiercely independent nature and her desire to be a good mother, trying to steer her son on the right path".

[10] The following year, Efira starred in the comedy drama Sibyl, her second collaboration with director Justine Triet, playing a psychotherapist who wants to return to writing.

Variety stated that "Sibyl seals the arrival of Efira, once pegged as a likable but lightweight comedienne, as a first-class leading lady of consistently expanding range and elan — with the emotional honesty and deadpan pluck to pull off the more outrageous character turns in Triet and Arthur Harari’s limber original script.

"[11] while The Hollywood Reporter felt that "the actress plays several roles at the same time — the astute psychologist, the struggling author, the affectionate yet neglectful mom, the fervid lover in two very candid sex scenes — and she does each one extremely well, turning Sibyl’s altered states into a whole that reflects her drive to be many things at once.

"[12] In 2020, she starred opposite Omar Sy in Anne Fontaine's drama Night Shift, in which she played one of three officers who are tasked with escorting an illegal immigrant to the airport, where he will be forced onto a plane and sent back to his homeland.

[22] In 2016, Efira obtained French citizenship, becoming a dual citizen,[23][24] for which she would later cite her desire to vote in France as the reason.

[25] Since 2017, Efira has been in a relationship with actor Niels Schneider—her co-star in the films An Impossible Love (2018) and Sibyl (2019)[26]—with whom she has a son, born in 2023.