Vitali Holostenco or Holostenko (Ukrainian: Віталій Холостенко, Vitaliy Kholostenko; c. 1900, Izmail, Russian Empire– 17 December 1937) was a Romanian and Soviet communist politician.
He was immediately arrested alongside the new formation's leadership, and faced prosecution in the Dealul Spirii Trial, being detained in Iași for the following year.
Reaction to this goal had already provoked a crisis within the Party: in 1924, Gheorghe Cristescu had left the PCdR without its leadership after being expelled for refusing to take the directives.
Stalin decided to reject both options, and called Marcel Pauker to the Soviet Union (assigning him mundane tasks), while replacing Holostenco with Alexander Stefanski.
Beside his association with Rakovsky (probably creating the suspicion that he was a supporter of the Left Opposition), he had become of no use to Stalin after the Popular Front doctrine re-oriented the Comintern.