From 1920 to 1928, he was assistant manager of the Central Archives Board, and from 1928 to 1931, deputy director of the Lenin Institute, and in 1932 a member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR.
In the 1920s, he edited volumes of philosophical writings by Marx and Engels, and Lenin, and wrote a number of works on the Marxist theory of the state and law, and on the philosophy and history of Marxism.
[3] In December 1929, during the celebration of Joseph Stalin's official 50th birthday (in fact, he was 51), leading soviet academics were expected to produce articles praising the leader's contribution to their disciplines.
The veteran head of the Marx-Engels Institute, David Riazonov, and the foremost Soviet philosopher, Abram Deborin failed to comply, but Adoratsky stepped in with an article published in Izvestia, praising Stalin as a great Marxist theoretician.
Adoratsky was then evacuated with other members of the Academy of Sciences to Alma Ata, where he fell seriously ill. After being discharged form hospital, he was allocated unheated rooms, where he had to live and work in the kitchen.