Vladimir Olgerdovich[a] (died after 1398) was the son of Algirdas, Grand Duke of Lithuania, his first wife was Maria of Vitebsk.
[8] However, later the coins replaced the Tatar symbols (i.e. tamga) with letter K (for Kiev) and a cross (for Eastern Orthodox faith).
[10] This was part of the power struggle between Dionysius, Pimen, and Cyprian for the title of Metropolitan of Kiev and all Rus' (which at that time had residence in Moscow).
[7] This campaign could have been launched to discipline disloyal dukes, but turned into a systematic effort to centralize the state.
In 1393, Vytautas confiscated Volodymyr-Volynskyi from Feodor, son of Liubartas, Novhorod-Siverskyi from Kaributas, Vitebsk from Švitrigaila.