The risk of post-operative cognitive change can be estimated, and depending on the surgical approach employed at the epilepsy surgery center, the need for awake craniotomies can be determined as well.
[citation needed] After injection on the side of the speech-dominant hemisphere, typically the left, the patient experiences transient aphasia, ie.
[citation needed] Recovery from the anesthesia is rapid, and EEG recordings and distal grip strength may be used to determine when the medication has worn off.
[citation needed] Researchers are looking into non-invasive ways to determine language and memory laterality—such as fMRI, TMS, magnetoencephalography, and near-infrared spectroscopy.
[5][6] He developed the test while he was a medical resident in Japan just after[citation needed] World War II, when he was receiving training in neurosurgery.
Wada developed the technique of transient hemispheric anesthetization through carotid amytal injection to decrease the cognitive side effects associated with bilateral electroconvulsive therapy.