Werner Ingold

[1] He was the youngest of three sons of Hans and Ida Ingold (née Santschi) to grow up on his father's farm.

Between 1938 and 1942, Werner Ingold studied chemistry at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich and obtained his diploma as a chemical engineer under Hans Eduard Fierz with his thesis "On the Constitution of Naphtaline-Yellow".

During his post-graduate studies, Werner Ingold applied glass electrodes for the titration of organic compounds.

(Elaborating on scientific groundwork by Max Cremer (1906), Fritz Haber and Zygmunt Klemensievicz (1909), Dungan Macinnes and Malcom Dole had developed pH-sensitive glass electrodes at the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research in New York.)

During this time, Werner Ingold acquired a profound knowledge on glass and its manufacturing that allowed him to produce more robust pH electrodes[7] that were suitable for laboratory and industrial applications.

Werner Ingold was personally dedicated to the development and improvement of glasses for pH measurement until the sale of his company.

In 1948, Werner Ingold started to produce glass electrodes for pH measurement, initially as a one-man company operating out of Huttenstrasse 24 in Zurich.

Before he devoted himself entirely to the commercialization of pH electrodes, he was contacted by the Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) Plastics Division to establish a micro-analytical laboratory in Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, UK.

[14] In 1986, Ingold sold the company to Mettler Instruments AG, who at that time was owned by Ciba Geigy.