[3] Since the 16th century, Western Equatoria has been a home to the Avokaya, Azande, Baka, Moru, Mundu and Balanda.

The Mahdist Revolt of the 1880s destabilized the nascent province, and Equatoria ceased to exist as an Egyptian outpost in 1889.

Hence, there was a plan to re-unify the 3 sister states back into regions after the implementation of South Sudan's federal system.

There are 10 counties in Western Equatoria: Other important towns in Western Equatoria are: Nagero, Duma, Namutina, Jambo, Rasul, Lui, Tore, Muroko, Manguo, Mambe, Kotobi, Yarri, Farak Sika, Madebe, Bangasu, Rimenze, Bazungua, Makpandu, Nadiangere, Kua Diko, Ri-Rangu, Nabiapai, Gangura, Birisi, Ndoromo, Bangazagino, Sangua, Basukangbi Ringasi, Diabio, Yangiri, Ri-Kuangba, Bafuka, Naandi, Andari, Ri-Yubu, Mopai and Sakure.

The economy of Western Equatoria is largely agricultural, with high-quality timber being one of its most important products.