Kenya's second highest mountain, Mount Elgon is located in Bungoma District.

After the 2013 general election, and the coming into effect of Kenya's new constitution, provinces became defunct and the country is currently divided into 47 counties.

In 1999 the total population was of 3,358,776 inhabitants within an area of 8,361 km², increasing to 4.334 million for the 2009 decennial census.

Busia County experiences perennial floods from the Nzoia River, and the dominant economic activity is fishing on Lake Victoria.

Vihiga County has large tea plantations, and is the most densely populated rural area in Kenya.

This factory produces the dominant sugar brand in Kenya and is an economic success story.

Despite this, living standards are generally low and social amenities like running water and electricity are not available to the majority of the province's residents.