[1] The Duchy of Western Zhou was established by Prince Jie (王子揭) in 440 BC.
After King Kao of Zhou successfully ascended the throne, Prince Jie (aka Duke Huan of Western Zhou), a younger brother of King Kao was given a fief centred on Henan.
[3] The kings of Zhou had lost almost all political and military power, even their remaining crown land was occupied by the two tiny duchies.
Western Zhou was attacked by Qin in 256 BC, just after King Nan of Zhou plotted with the states of Chu and Yan for a failed joint expedition against Qin.
[4] Duke Wu of Western Zhou surrendered, but was released by the king of Qin.