[citation needed] As of the 2010 United States census, there were 2,168 people, 887 households, and 538 families in the county.

There were 1,197 housing units at an average density of 0.8 per square mile (0.31/km2).

The racial makeup of the county was 95.8% white, 0.6% Asian, 0.5% American Indian, 0.3% black or African American, 0.4% from other races, and 2.4% from two or more races.

In terms of ancestry, 35.2% were American, 22.7% were German, 14.1% were English, 11.5% were Irish, and 6.6% were Norwegian.

Wheatland County voters have selected the Republican Party candidate in every national election since 1964 (as of 2020).