The choir's founder in 1863, and its first musical director, was Franz Mair.
It was originally affiliated to a teachers' association, and known as the Lehrersängerchor Schubertbund.
Since 1918 the choir has been based in the Vienna Concert Hall, and it has had the name Wiener Schubertbund since 1922.
The choir has given concerts outside Austria: in recent years it has visited the USA, China, Syria and Brazil.
Works have been dedicated to the choir by composers including Richard Strauss (Die Tageszeiten), Wilhelm Kienzl and Franz Lehár.