He was educated locally and left school aged thirteen to drove near Hay, where he quickly rose to become head stockman.
On 30 August 1861 he married Anne Heaer at Rutherglen; they were childless, but he married twice more: on 14 November 1870 at Bourke to Catharine Maxwell, with whom he had eight children; and on 12 March 1885 at Blayney to Florence Jane Whittaker, with whom he had a further eight children.
In 1886, he sunk New South Wales' first Artesian bore, and extended his land holdings into Queensland.
In 1889 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as the Protectionist member for Bourke.
He did not contest in 1904 with the reduction in the Assembly's size, but was the unsuccessful Liberal candidate for Darling in 1907.