The Japanese established a school on the island, which served the atolls of the Ratak Chain, but otherwise left the administration in the hands of local authorities.

However, from the end of the 1930s, Wotje was developed as into a major Japanese seaplane base, and also had an airfield with two runways for land-based aircraft, and several hundred support buildings.

From mid-1943 the island came under attack by United States Navy carrier-based aircraft and was frequently shelled by warships.

The attacks increased in frequency and severity after the fall of Majuro and Kwajalein to American forces, and all supply lines to Wotje were cut.

Many World War II artifacts remain on the main island of Wotje, including a large concrete airstrip, bunkers and heavy artillery.

In addition, the local government and senator manage a small ship, Northern Star, which makes more frequent trips.