Conflicts between officers led to Kong Youde and Geng Zhongming being transferred to Dengzhou in Shandong under the command of Sun Yuanhua (a protégé of Xu Guangqi), where they were put in charge of firearm and artillery training for newly recruited troops.
In late 1631, Kong was called in to reinforce Ming forces at the Battle of Dalinghe, but his soldiers (mostly conscripts from Liaodong region) were under supplied and underpaid, and had difficulties obtaining provisions due to conflicts with the Shandong locals.
While passing the town of Wuqiao, the regiment was bogged down by bad weather, and the local magistrate deliberately allowed the merchants to close the markets and refused to sell the troops provisions.
Sun Yuanhua was captured but managed to convince Kong to surrender peacefully, however the amnesty decree was suppressed by censorial inspector Wang Daochun, who held a hardline approach to the rebels.
[3] The surviving rebels included many skilled laborers and veteran artillerymen, as well as large numbers of Hongyipao cannons, which was a huge boost to the siege warfare capability of the Jurchens, who previously could only rely on foot soldiers to attack Ming fortifications.