The two countries still have not resolved their disagreement about where exactly the border lies; specially over two regions – Aksai Chin and Arunachal Pradesh.

Intrusion of troops of PLA into Indian territory,[3] construction of watch tower close to the mutually-accepted "border patrolling line" near Burtse,[4] "standardization" of the names of six towns in Arunachal Pradesh[5] (China claims that Arunachal Pradesh is integral part of China) enhanced the tension.

In addition, China has developed a rail network and five fully operational airbases in Tibet Autonomous Region.

As a result of all these buildout of infrastructures, China can mobilize 30 divisions (each with over 15,000 soldiers)[7] aside heading to the LAC within 48 hours.

[8] To reinforce defensive power across the border in Arunachal Pradesh, the Indian Army raised two new infantry divisions (1,260 officers and 35,000 soldiers) at Likapani[9] and Missamari (Assam)[2] in 2009-2010.

The concept of Integrated Battle Groups (IBG) was introduced in 2018 by the then Chief of the Army Staff General Bipin Rawat.

[19] The Integrated Battle Groups are Brigade-sized, self-sufficient combined arms formations commanded by an officer of the rank Major General.

[24] By November 2024, the Army submitted a draft Government Sanction Letter seeking official approval for the establishment of these IBGs.

Some top-of-the-rack changes in the Northern Theatre Command has been identified to implement the IBGs and will incorporate lessons learnt from Exercise Himvijay 2019.

The IBGs will be equipped to lead surgical strike-like operations in case of a war unlike the current structure of the Army where the same role is carried out by Strike Coprs.

[27][28] The corps mascot is the Snow leopard, signifying strength, resolve and bravery - traits associated with the predator, with which it shares its geographical habitat.