X. albilineans X. alfalfae X. ampelina X. arboricola X. axonopodis X. boreopolis X. badrii X. bromi X. campestris X. cassavae X. citri X. codiaei X. cucurbitae X. cyanopsidis X. cynarae X. euvesicatoria X. fragariae X. gardneri X. holcicola X. hortorum X. hyacinthi X. maliensis X. malvacearum X. maltophila X. manihotis X. melonis X. oryzae X. papavericola X. perforans X. phaseoli X. pisi X. populi X. pruni X. sacchari X. theicola X. translucens X. vasicola X. vesicatoria Xanthomonas (from greek: xanthos – "yellow"; monas – "entity") is a genus of bacteria, many of which cause plant diseases.

[1] The genus Xanthomonas has been subject of numerous taxonomic and phylogenetic studies and was first described as Bacterium vesicatorium as a pathogen of pepper and tomato in 1921.

[7][8] Other tools, including multilocus sequence analysis and amplified fragment-length polymorphism, have been used for classification within clades.

When population of bacteria increases it re-emerges to the surface and is transmitted mainly by wind, rain or through seeds or agricultural machinery, while animal and insect vectors seems to play minor role.

Response to light is important in pathogenicity of these bacteria and regulates surface attachment and production of biofilm.

[12] Typically, Xanthomonas T3SS injects a cocktail of 20-30 effector proteins that interfere with plant immune system and various host cellular processes.

Copper-containing products offer some protection along with field-grade antibiotics such as oxytetracycline, which is labeled for use on some food crops in the United States.

Curative applications of chemical pesticides may slow or reduce the spread of the bacterium, but will not cure already diseased plants.

[21] It is important to consult chemical pesticide labels when attempting to control bacterial diseases, as different Xanthomonas species can have different responses to these applications.

Over-reliance on chemical control methods can also result in the selection of resistant isolates, so these applications should be considered a last resort.

Potential use of bacteriophages is also considered, however major limiting factors are their sensitivity to environmental conditions and in particular to UV radiation.

[1] Xanthomonas species produce an edible polysaccharide called xanthan gum that has a wide range of industrial uses, including foods, petroleum products, and cosmetics.