Yao (Chinese: 姚; pinyin: Yáo), also romanized as Yiu in Cantonese, is one of the most ancient Chinese surnames, the "Eight Great Xings of High Antiquity".

It is also unique that, along with Jiang 姜 it is still in common use in the modern day.

It is listed 101st in the Hundred Family Surnames, and as the 51st most common surname in Mainland China.

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