But the Joseon army led by General Jang Man (张晚) retook the capital and crushed the rebellion, preserving King Injo's rule.

In January 1624, Injo sent Yi Gwal to the Northern front as deputy commander of Yongbyon, Pyongyang, Pyongan Province, to fight against the expanding Jin dynasty.

Yi Gwal also knew the importance of the new mission and was faithful to his duties, such as military training, maintenance of the castle wall, and strengthening the security of the camp.

[2][3] Yi Gwal rescued Han Myeong-Ryun in the middle of the road, who was being transported to Seoul on charges of conspiracy, and joined the rebellion.

Yi Gwal first engaged the government forces at Shingyo in Hwangju and captured and killed the general, Park Yeong-Seo, and his officers.

During the march to the capital, Yi Gwal defeated a regular army under the command of General Jang Man and surrounded Hanseong in what is known as the Battle of Jeotan.

The next day, Yi Gwal learned of this movement and sent Han Myeong-Ryun to combat the enemy, he divided his army into two to surround and attack the government forces, but they lost the battle due to their inferior geographical position.

As a result, Yi Gwal and Han Myeong-Ryun evacuated the capital with hundreds of rebels, escaped to Sugumun Gate, and fled to Gwangju via Samjeondo under cover of night.

On the night of February 15, when they reached Mukbang-ri in Icheon, Yi Gwal and Han Myung-Ryun were murdered by their troops and generals led by Gi Ik-Heon, who were seeking forgiveness from the government, therefore, ending the rebellion.

On the inside, it was the first time the king had left Seoul due to a domestic rebellion, and it shocked the ruling class and the general public.

When the rebellion failed, Han Myung-Ryun's son Yun and others fled to the Jin dynasty, announcing the unstable situation in the country and encouraging them to invade the south, which provoked and facilitated the First Manchu invasion of Korea in 1627.

The economy, which was experiencing a slight recovery from Gwanghaegun's reconstruction, was again ruined, and Korea would remain in a poor economic state for a few centuries.