Yidiny (also spelled Yidiɲ, Yidiñ, Jidinj, Jidinʲ, Yidinʸ, Yidiń Aboriginal pronunciation: [ˈjidiɲ]) is a nearly extinct Australian Aboriginal language, spoken by the Yidinji people of north-east Queensland.
These, unlike other forms in the language, such as nouns, verbs and gender markers, have no grammatical case and take no tense inflections.
The particles in the Yidiny language: nguju - 'not' (nguju also functions as the negative interjection 'no'), giyi - 'don't', biri - 'done again', yurrga - 'still', mugu - 'couldn't help it' (mugu refers to something unsatisfactory but that is impossible to avoid doing), jaymbi / jaybar - 'in turn'.
For example: maŋga-laugh+ -ŋaAPPL= maŋga-ŋa-laugh atmaŋga- + -ŋa = maŋga-ŋa-laugh {} APPL {} {laugh at}warrŋgi-turn around+ -ŋaCAUS= warrŋgi-ŋa-turn something aroundwarrŋgi- + -ŋa = warrŋgi-ŋa-{turn around} {} CAUS {} {turn something around}The classes of verbs are not mutually exclusive however, so some words could have both meanings (bila- 'go in' becomes bila-ŋa- which translates either to applicative 'go in with' or causative 'put in'), which are disambiguated only through context.
The same principle applies when forming the genitive: waguja- + -ni = wagujani 'man's' (four syllables), bunya- + -Vn- = bunyaan 'woman's'.