Yiwei Guangzhou uprising
It was led by leaders of the Xingzhonghui, including Yang Quyun, Sun Yat-sen, Lu Haodong, and Zheng Shiliang.
The Xingzhonghui planned to seize Guangzhou in one swift strike, raise the flag designed by Lu Haodong—featuring the Blue Sky and White Sun—over the governor's office of the two Guangdong provinces, and then march northward, passing through Hunan and Hubei, to attack Beijing.
However, the plans were leaked, and Lu Haodong was captured and executed by the Qing government, becoming the first martyr of the Republican Revolution.
[1] After the Meiji Restoration, Japan's national power gradually strengthened, and it sought further expansion, actively invading Korea.
As a result, when the Japanese army advanced, the Qing court hastily prepared for war, leading to a disastrous defeat.
[2] On November 24, 1894, Sun raised funds on Oahu Island, Honolulu[3]，He founded the Xingzhonghui (Revive China Society).
They began preparing for an uprising, and a small group of Xingzhonghui worker members, along with technicians and military officers from Europe and America, also returned with him.
"[8]"Mainly, it was Huang Yongshang and Yu Yuzhi who provided the support, while Yang Quyun held the economic power of the uprising.
"[8] In order to gain support and recognition from international powers, Sun Yat-sen attempted to make contact with Japan before the uprising.
During their conversation, Sun discussed plans to launch an uprising in Guangzhou and mentioned: "People in Europe and America call China the 'Sleeping Lion.'
[11] On March 4, Nakagawa Tetsujirō mentioned in a letter to Hara Kei, Director of the Commercial Bureau of the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs: "On the 1st of this month, through an introduction by a friend, a Chinese man named Sun Wen (a Western doctor) visited the consulate.
"[12] On April 17, Nakagawa Tetsujirō wrote in a letter: "Sun Wen still visits the consulate frequently, insisting that our country offer support, but there has never been any connection between him and us.
In short, what Sun Wen and his group are saying about establishing an independent republic in the Guangdong and Guangxi regions is nothing more than a castle in the air.
[12] After Sun Yat-sen arrived in Guangzhou, he established the Nongxuehui (Agricultural Society) as an organization and began recruiting comrades, setting the Double Ninth Festival (October 26) as the date for the uprising.
In early October 1895, the Hong Kong police received a tip-off, claiming that members of the Triad Society were recruiting strong men to go to Guangzhou.
[1] Unexpectedly, as the members' deployment was nearly finalized, a secret telegram arrived, stating that the two armies from the southwest and northeast were blocked midway.
[5] At 6 a.m., the leaders of various forces in Guangzhou arrived at the headquarters of the uprising at Wang's ancestral hall to await orders.
Sun's forces had already gathered at the Guangzhou docks, waiting to welcome the ships coming from Hong Kong, to inspect the weapons, and to meet with their mercenary allies.
[14] After 8 a.m., it was decided to cancel the uprising, and the societies' members who had been stationed in ambush on the water and in the nearby areas, ready to respond, were dismissed.
"[5] At dusk, Chen Shaobai took the "Tai'an" on a night voyage back to Hong Kong, while Sun remained in Guangzhou to handle the aftermath.
The Viceroy of Liangguang instructed over 1,500 Qing soldiers to enter Guangzhou for a search and arrest operation, discovering the Nongxuehui, Wang's ancestral hall, and other related locations.
[8] Sun Yat-sen attended the Sunday service at the Gospel Hall of missionary Qu Fengchi in Henan, where he worshiped with congregants from both Hong Kong and local Guangzhou.
Early in the morning on October 28, the ship was intercepted by the county magistrate, who, with orders from the stationed military, successfully captured them.
[13] Unexpectedly, as the members' deployment was nearly finalized, a secret telegram arrived, stating that the two armies from the southwest and northeast had been blocked midway.
