Born in Pinsk in the Russian Empire (today in Belarus), Efrati received his primary education in a heder.

[1] He emigrated to Ottoman-controlled Palestine in 1914, and studied at an agricultural high school in Petah Tikva.

[2] Between 1923 and 1925, he worked at an agricultural research station at Ben Shemen and moved to kibbutz Geva in 1925.

[2] Efrati was a member of Hapoel Hatzair and later Mapai, as well as being one of the leaders of HaMerkaz HaHakla'i.

In February 1951 he was appointed Deputy Minister of Agriculture, a role he held until 1955.