The youngest caldera, which is partially filled by Lake Biryuzovoe, was formed during the Holocene and features several young volcanic cones and lava domes.

This destroyed a 500 m (1⁄3 mi) diameter cone[1] that reportedly grew pre-eruption and had formed a peninsula extending into the lake from the northeast caldera wall.

The eruption filled the northwest section of the lake, including the emplacement of a 350 m (1⁄4 mi) wide, 40 m (100 ft) high dome.

Research indicates that Zavaritski Caldera may have been the source of a high-magnitude explosive eruption that occurred in 1831, during the Northern Hemisphere summer.

The researchers, led by volcanologist William Hutchison, conducted geochemical analyses of several Greenland ice cores.