Zygmunt Ajdukiewicz (22 January 1861 – 29 April 1917) was a Polish realist painter of the late 19th century specializing in portraits, genre and historical painting.

Ajdukiewicz, was born and raised in Galicia, settled in the imperial capital upon the completion of his studies, but maintained a close connection with his homeland.

He settled permanently in Vienna in 1885 as popular painter of the Austrian court where he was also referred to as Zygismund or Sigismund von Ajdukiewicz.

Back in Vienna, he worked on a long series of original artwork for the 24-volume encyclopedia initiated and sponsored by Prince Rudolf as evidence of his imperial achievements (Kronprinzenwerk).

[3] Ajdukiewicz painted panels for the encyclopedia depicting various nationalities, ethnic groups and minorities represented in Austria-Hungary.