12th century

The 12th century is the period from 1101 to 1200 in accordance with the Julian calendar.

In the history of European culture, this period is considered part of the High Middle Ages and overlaps with what is often called the "'Golden Age' of the Cistercians".

In Song dynasty China an invasion by Jurchens caused a political schism of north and south.

The Khmer Empire of Cambodia flourished during this century, while the Fatimids of Egypt were overtaken by the Ayyubid dynasty.

Following the expansions of the Ghaznavids and Ghurid Empire, the Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent took place at the end of the century.

Eastern Hemisphere at the beginning of the 12th century
The Ghurid Empire converted to Islam from Buddhism.
A Black and White Photo of the 12th century Cuenca Cathedral (built from 1182 to 1270) in Cuenca, Spain
The temple complex of Angkor Wat , built during the reign of Suryavarman II in Cambodia of the Khmer Era.
Drawing of a bearded man in Arabic garb
Averroes in a 14th-century painting by Andrea di Bonaiuto
The Liuhe Pagoda of Hangzhou, China, 1165
The defense of the Carroccio during the battle of Legnano (1176) by Amos Cassioli (1832–1891)
Saladin Ayyubi and Guy of Lusignan after Battle of Hattin . (1954)
Richard I of England , or Richard the Lionheart.
Eastern Hemisphere at the end of the 12th century